Ethics Opinion 2007

Ethics Opinion 2007-9
• Rules: 7.1 and 7.5
• Subject: Use of a service mark on a law firm letterhead and in advertisements, and shortening of the firm name.
• Summary: Statements used in advertising and on firm disclosures must not mislead or raise the level of expectation in regard to the results the Lawyer can achieve.

Ethics Opinion 2007-6
• Rules: 1.7 and 1.9
• Subject: Conflict of interest among clients, limitation of representation.
• Summary: Attorney is precluded from representing two co-owners of a parcel of real estate against a third co-owner when the Attorney had previously represented all three clients in a matter relating to the same parcel of real estate.

Ethics Opinion 2007-3 
• Rules: 1.6; 1.14
• Subject: Disclosing confidential information to one holding a Power of Attorney for the client.
• Summary: A power of attorney may not be used to obtain confidential information when the client has instructed such information should not be disclosed.

Ethics Opinion 2006

Ethics Opinion 2006-1
• Rules: 1.11 and 1.9
• Subject: Conflicts of Interest - Former Government Officers or Employees
• Summary: A law firm may represent a client in a matter where a member of the firm personally and substantially participated

Ethics Opinion 2004

Ethics Opinion 2004-6
• Rule: 1.16
• Subject: Declining or terminating representation; client with diminished capacity.
• Summary: A lawyer may withdraw from representing a client with Court approval. If the client suffers from diminished capacity, the lawyer may take certain steps to protect client's interests.

Ethics Opinion 2004-5
• Rules: 1.2; 1.14.
• Subject: Representation of minors in Abuse and Neglect actions, client with diminished capacity.
• Summary: Attorney may represent the "best interests" of a minor if steps are taken to protect the client's interests.

Ethics Opinion 2004-1
• Rule: 5.3 ; 1.10(c) and 1.7
• Subject : Non-lawyer Employees
• Summary: Competing law firms may employ the same non-lawyer.

Ethics Opinion 2003

Ethics Opinion 2003-8
• Rules: Rule 1.7
• Subject: Conflict of Interest
• Summary: Lawyer may represent husband and wife with conflicting interests if Lawyer's representation will not be adversely

Ethics Opinion 2003-7
• Rules: 1.7; 1.9(a); 1.10(b)(c)
• Subject: Conflict of Interest
• Summary: Absent consent after consultation, an attorney may not represent a client whose interest is adverse to a former c

Ethics Opinion 2003-6
• Rules: 1.2;; 1.16, 8.4
• Subject: Champerty and Maintenance
• Summary: Law Firm is prohibited from entering into contractual relationship with client and third party for cash advance by th

Ethics Opinion 2003-3
• Rules: 1.7, 1.16, 3.1
• Subject: Conflicts of Interest in Criminal Appeal
• Summary: Court appointed trial counsel may continue to represent clients on appeal when ineffective assistance of counse

Ethics Opinion 2002

Ethics Opinion 2002-2
• Rules: 1.1; 1.6
• Subject: Formation of Attorney-client relationship via e-mail communication
• Summary: E-mail communication from prospective client can create attorney-client relationship

Ethics Opinion 2001

Ethics Opinion 2001-2
• Rules:  1.16
• Subject: Client files
• Summary: Upon conclusion of representation, the client is entitled to return of his/her file upon request. The lawyer has a duty to return all property and papers necessary to protect the client’s interests. What is property of the client and/or property of the lawyer is a matter of substantive law and no opinion given. See EO 96-7.

Ethics Opinion 2001-1
• Rules: 1.2;(d)(e),  1.6(a),  1.6(b)(3), 1.16(b)(3), 2.1 and 3.3
• Subject: Confidential communications; Duty to disclose client’s failure to comply with conditions of Suspended Imposition of Sentence
• Summary: Lawyer is prohibited from voluntarily disclosing to the Court a client’s failure to comply with sentencing conditions; lawyer to advise client of limitations of representation; lawyer must not make false statement to court and must disclose if necessary to avoid assisting in criminal conduct; situation may allow withdrawal.

Ethics Opinion 2000

Ethics Opinion 2000-6
• Rules: 1.2; 1.6; 1.16; 3.3
• Subject: Estate: Duty to disclose possible improper source of estate asset.
• Summary: Lawyer for an estate may have duty to withdraw or disclose improper source of real estate.

Ethics Opinion 2000-5A
• Rules:  1.5, 1.16
• Subject: Flat Fee Agreements in light of Ethics Opinion 2000-5
• Summary: Fee agreements for a specific service or case are permissible so long as they allow for a review of the fee upon conclusion of the representation to ensure that the fee is reasonable and allow for a refund of any unearned fees upon the discharge of the attorney.

Ethics Opinion 2000-5
• Rules:  1.5, 1.16; 1.8(f)
• Subject: Non-Refundable Retainer Agreements; Third Party Guarantor of Fees
• Summary: Retainer agreements for a specific service or case must allow for a refund of any unearned fees upon the disch

Ethics Opinion 2000-3
• Rules: Preamble; 1.8(e)
• Subject: Prohibited transactions; Court costs and litigation expenses; Expenses for medical treatment
• Summary: Rule 1.8(e) prohibits an attorney from advancing any money on behalf of a client that is not necessary to prosec

Ethics Opinion 2000-1
• Rules: Preamble; 1.8(e); 8.4(d)
• Subject: Lawyer responsibility to pay for consultants hired by lawyer in representation
• Summary: Absent a written agreement to the contrary with the consultant, lawyer must pay for litigation services lawyer ord

Ethics Opinion 1999

Ethics Opinion 99-5
• Rules: 1.8(b), 1.9(a)
• Subject: Conflict of interest; Spouse of client
• Summary: Attorney may not represent client against client’s spouse without consent of spouse of client or matter must not be

Ethics Opinion 99-2
• Rules:  1.6, 1.8
• Subject: Confidentiality; Outside Auditors of Detailed Legal Bills
• Summary: Counsel needs client's informed consent to submit detailed legal bills to outside auditing companies.

Ethics Opinion 99-1
• Rules: 1.7(b)
• Subject: Conflict of interest; Government employee; Subsequent representation of mutual client
• Summary: Attorney who has moved from one agency to another may represent client of former employer if the representation

Ethics Opinion 1998

Ethics Opinion 98-11
• Rules: 1.15
• Subject: Trust accounts; Deceased client funds
• Summary: Unclaimed trust funds of deceased client must be maintained by lawyer until valid claim is made; court order is en

Ethics Opinion 98-10
• Rules:  1.5, 5.5, 7.1, 7.2
• Subject: Internet Referral Service; Advertising; Fee Division; Assisting in Unauthorized Practice of Law
• Summary: South Dakota lawyer may not participate in an Internet Referral Service taking an advertising fee and a share of le

Ethics Opinion 98-9
• Rule 4.2
• Subject: Communication with represented persons; Municipal officials
• Summary: Attorney may communicate with government officials on legislative matters on behalf of a client without permission

Ethics Opinion 98-8
• Rules  1.6; 1.7, 2.3(a), 4.3
• Subject: Conflict of interests; Charitable organization; Charitable gifts to client by another client
• Summary: Attorney providing advice to third persons on behalf of an estate planning organization client must advise the third

Ethics Opinion 98-7
• Rule 1.9(a)
• Subject: Conflict of interests; Clients of lawyer joining firm
• Summary: Whether a law firm may bring suit against the former client of a new attorney in the firm depends on if the suit is s

Ethics Opinion 98-6
• Rules 1.6; 1.14
• Subject: Confidential information; Wills
• Summary: Attorney must preserve client confidentiality of a disabled client unless disclosure is authorized by one of a limited

Ethics Opinion 98-3
• Rule 1.15
• Subject: Trust account disbursements; Attorney's liens
• Summary: Where third party has lien on settlement received on behalf of client, attorney must determine if there is "dispute"

Ethics Opinion 1997

Ethics Opinion 97-8
• Rule 1.7(b)
• Subject: Conflict of interest; Office employees and law enforcement personnel
• Summary: Attorney must have "reasonable belief" that her representation of client will not be adversely affected, where secre

Ethics Opinion 97-5
• Rules 7.1; 7.5
• Subject: Advertisements; Firm name; Use of retiring firm member name
• Summary: Firm name may include retired member's name but if the individuals' name is listed on the letterhead, it must indic

Ethics Opinion 97-4
• Rules 1.2; 1.6
• Subject: Client confidences; Disclosure of confidential information
• Summary: Attorney must not reveal client's confidential information unless required by the Rules or other law. In such case,

Ethics Opinion 97-3
• Rules 1.3; 1.6; 1.7
• Subject: Client confidences; Conflict of interest; Withdrawal as counsel
• Summary: Attorney, representing separate divorce clients, obtains information adverse to one client, which will be an issue in

Ethics Opinion 1996

Ethics Opinion 96-11
• Rule 7.2
• Subject: Advertisements; Contingent fee agreements
• Summary: When advertising contingent fees, disclosure of how fees are computed and that client will bear expenses must b

Ethics Opinion 96-8
• Rule  1.6
• Subject: Client confidences; Files of deceased client's; Release with no probate and no administrator.
• Summary: The attorney/client privilege continues after death and release of files is prohibited absent waiver by an approved

Ethics Opinion 96-7
• Rule 1.16
• Subject: Ownership of client files; Copies of files; Customary practices.
• Summary: An attorney must return those items in the file that the client gave the attorney and any items paid for by the client

Ethics Opinion 96-6
• Rule 1.7; 1.8
• Subject: Fee splitting with non-attorneys; Conflict of interest; Referrals; Overreaching.
• Summary: An attorney should not accept a fee or other remuneration for referrals to non-clients. See In the Matter of Estate

Ethics Opinion 96-3
• Rules 1.7(b); 1.16(c)
• Subject: Court Appointed Attorney; Criminal representation; Conflict of interest; Ineffective assistance of counsel; Appeal.
• Summary: An attorney may withdraw from a criminal representation when the client decides to argue on appeal that the attorney

Ethics Opinion 96-2
• Rule 7.2
• Subject: Advertising, Telephone directory, Multi-state practice, Contingent fees.
• Summary: An attorney advertises contingent fees in yellow pages of another state. Ad does not violate South Dakota Rules o

Ethics Opinion 1995

Ethics Opinion 95-16
• Rules:  1.5, 1.16
• Subject: Attorney's fees and liens, Client files, Discharge of Lawyer.
• Summary: Attorney must provide copies of file to replacement counsel, but can keep original files for purpose of attorney's li

Ethics Opinion 95-15
• Rules: 3.7
• Subject: Client Communications; Attorney-client privilege; Office sharing; Witnesses; Employees.
• Summary: Attorney A who shares office space with Attorney B may not represent B in a case where an employee sues B. If

Ethics Opinion 95-13
• Rules: 7.2, 7.3
• Subject: Advertising; Telephone directory; Direct mailings.
• Summary: An attorney can send copies of his advertising in the yellow pages to non-clients without any further information a

Ethics Opinion 95-12
• Rules: 7.2, 7.3, 7.4
• Subject: Fee reduction; Referrals; Restrictive covenants; Conflicts of interest; Advertising and solicitation.
• Summary: An attorney may not accept an offer to become a participant in a club providing legal referrals to the attorney, incl

Ethics Opinion 95-8
• Rules:  1.5(d)(1).
• Subject: Contingent fees; Fee arrangements; Child Support; Indigent persons.
• Summary: An attorney may try to collect child support arrearages on behalf of a client under a contingent fee agreement as l

Ethics Opinion 95-5
• Rules: 1.6
• Subject: Client confidentiality.
• Summary: Rules do not cover situation where Attorney A provides a client's medical records to Attorney B, and Attorney B d

Ethics Opinion 95-4
• Rules: 1.14
• Subject: Client funds and property; Disabled clients; Power of attorney; Settlements; Guardianship.
• Summary: An attorney with a durable power of attorney which allows attorney to handle the client's financial affairs may seek

Ethics Opinion 95-3
• Rules:  1.6
• Subject: Attorney's Fees; Client's failure to pay; Lawyer's referral for debt collection.
• Summary: Lawyer may not report non-paying clients to a credit bureau. However, lawyers may use a collection agency to co

Ethics Opinion 95-1
• Rules: 1.2; 1.6 and 3.3
• Subject: Conflict of Interest; Duties to Executor and Estate Beneficiaries
• Summary: Attorney hired by executor and paid by estate has obligations to executor, estate and beneficiaries.

Ethics Opinion 1994

Ethics Opinion 94-23
• Rules:  1.6
• Subject: Client Fees; Reporting Delinquent Client to a Credit Bureau
• Summary: Lawyer cannot report delinquent client to credit bureau for nonpayment.

Ethics Opinion 94-21
• Rules: 1.7, 1.9, 1.10
• Subject: Conflict of Interest; Member of Law Firm Member of Board of Mental Illness
• Summary: Attorney, member of Board of Mental Illness, and firm are precluded from representing persons who are subject o

Ethics Opinion 94-20
• Rules: 1.17
• Subject: Conflict of Interest; Attorney as Insurance Salesman and Practicing Lawyer
• Summary: Attorney cannot sell insurance as an agent of insurer and later advise the insured as counsel on the insurance.

Ethics Opinion 94-19
• Rules: 1.7
• Subject: Conflict of Interest; Defense Counsel Dating an Attorney in Prosecutor's Offices
• Summary: Attorney may defend criminal cases prosecuted by office having a lawyer attorney is dating so long as the lawyer

Ethics Opinion 94-18
• Rules: 1.10, 1.15
• Subject: Conflict of interest, Office Sharing, Confidentiality
• Summary: Lawyers who share facility and who are not a firm may appear adverse to each other. Each has a duty to safeguard

Ethics Opinion 94-15
• Rules: 2.1, 4.4
• Subject: Advice to Not Pay Medical Provider
• Summary: Advising clients not to pay health care providers is contrary to lawyer's duty to exercise "sensitive, professional an

Ethics Opinion 94-14
• Rules: 1.9
• Subject: Conflict of Interest; Corporate party
• Summary: Subsequent adverse representation against a former client is forbidden if the former representation is substantially

Ethics Opinion 94-12
• Rules: 5.4
• Subject: Sharing Fees with Nonlawyer
• Summary: Preparing tax returns by a lawyer is professional legal service and fees cannot be shared with a nonlawyer who re

Ethics Opinion 94-11
• Rules: 1.15
• Subject: Trust Funds; Dispositions of Funds on Disappearance of Client
• Summary: Absent specific agreed authority money held in trust must be kept in trust in spite of an outstanding bill by a client

Ethics Opinion 94-8
• Rules: 7.2, 7.3
• Subject: Advertising; Direct Mail Solicitation of Potential Clients
• Summary: Attorney may solicit clients by direct mail provided it is clearly labeled "Advertising Material" and provide a copy to

Ethics Opinion 94-7
• Rules: 1.10
• Subject: Conflict of Interest; Joint Negotiation of Group of Nonaffiliated Lawyers for Terms of Public Defender Duty.
• Summary: Attorneys who jointly negotiate terms to fulfill public defender duties for county and are otherwise unaffiliated are n

Ethics Opinion 94-6
• Rules:  1.6; 1.15
• Subject: Retention of client files; Client confidences; Destruction of files; Personal property held in trust
• Summary: ABA informal opinion 1384 adopted. While primarily a business management question, rules regarding safekeeping

Ethics Opinion 94-4
• Rule: 1.15
• Subject: Trust account disbursement; Personal injury settlement; Duty to third parties regarding dispersing proceeds of settl
• Summary: A lawyer may have a duty under applicable law to protect third party claims from wrongful interference by a client.

Ethics Opinion 94-3
• Rules:  1.6
• Subject: Ethical considerations in reporting past potential criminal activity of opposing party.
• Summary: When possible past criminal activity of opposing party becomes known during deposition reporting to the appropr

Ethics Opinion 94-2
• Rules:  1.5, 5.6
• Subject: Restrictions on right to practice; Employment contract for lawyer; Payment of client fees after termination of employment
• Summary: A contract, calling for payment upon practice of law in area after termination of employment, violates the rule prohibiting

Ethics Opinion 94-1
• Rules: 1.11
• Subject: Successive government and private employment; Conflict of interest; Part-time states attorney representation of vic
• Summary: State's Attorney with confidential government information regarding two minors' traffic citations may not represent

Ethics Opinion 1993

Ethics Opinion 93-13
• Rules: 1.9
• Subject: Conflict of interest; Former client.
• Summary: Joint representation of two passengers for purpose of obtaining immunity and correction of false information of ide

Ethics Opinion 93-12
• Rules: 3.7
• Subject: State's Attorney as witness.
• Summary: State's Attorney, who is a witness in federal civil rights suit against county and city brought by the subject of a cri

Ethics Opinion 93-11
• Rules: 1.16, 1.15
• Subject: Terminating representation; Safeguarding property.
• Summary: Lawyer retained by client seeking divorce may terminate representation upon client's refusal to maintain contact, w

Ethics Opinion 93-10
• Rules: 1.9(a)
• Subject: Conflict of interest: Former client.
• Summary: A lawyer who has given legal representation to a minor driver on a criminal matter arising out of auto accident, bu

Ethics Opinion 93-6
• Rules: 1.15(c),  1.5(c),  1.5(e)
• Subject: Fee agreements; Division of fee; Safeguarding property.
• Summary: When all fee arrangements with client were oral and a dispute arose regarding payment of fees to lawyers who ha

Ethics Opinion 93-5
• Rules: 1.11
• Subject: Confidential information; Conflict of interest; Government service.
• Summary: An attorney who formerly worked for a municipality as city attorney may not use confidential government information

Ethics Opinion 93-4
• Rules: 1.9
• Subject: Conflict of interest; Income tax preparation precluding representation.
• Summary: Attorney is precluded from representing a client in an action against a former client, when the former client was a

Ethics Opinion 93-1
• Rules: 1.7
• Subject: Conflict of interest; Representing both insuror and claimants.
• Summary: Counsel for tortfeasor's insuror cannot represent minor claimants in guardianship and settlement proceedings.
Supplement to Ethics Opinion 93-1

Ethics Opinion 1992

Ethics Opinion 92-19
• Rules: 5.4; 7.2; 7.3, 7.4
• Subject: Prepackaged legal work; Lawyer referral service; Fee sharing.
• Summary: Lawyer may not ethically participate in a trust program in which clients are referred to lawyer and fees are shared

Ethics Opinion 92-15
• Rules: 4.2
• Subject: Communication with represented party.
• Summary: It is improper for counsel to send copies of his/her correspondence to opposing counsel to the clients of opposing

Ethics Opinion 92-13
• Rules:  1.6
• Subject: Guardianship; Duty to disclose client misappropriation.
• Summary: Attorney for guardian may have duty to report misappropriation of guardianship funds to prevent or rectify his/her

Ethics Opinion 92-11
• Rules: 7.4
• Subject: Advertising; Specialties.
• Summary: It is inappropriate for lawyer to advertise self as "real estate mortgage broker" since this is not a recognized field o

Ethics Opinion 92-10
• Rules: 5.4
• Subject: Sharing fees with suspended lawyer.
• Summary: Suspended lawyer is entitled to fees earned before suspension on a quantum meruit basis plus costs incurred.

Ethics Opinion 92-8
• Rules: 1.2; 1.6; 3.3
• Subject: Duty to disclosure misconduct to beneficiaries.
• Summary: Counsel who drafted will and later codicil for client and who is later contacted by executor who provides informatio

Ethics Opinion 92-6
• Rules: 1.2; 1.3
• Subject: Disappearing client; Statute of limitations.
• Summary: Personal injury counsel may have ethical obligation to commence personal injury action to prevent running of the

Ethics Opinion 92-3
• Rules: 1.7, 1.8, 1.9
• Subject: Conflict of interest, Civil representation of victims of criminal assault.
• Summary: Counsel appointed to represent minor victims' interests in criminal prosecution of perpetrator may thereafter repre

Ethics Opinion 92-2
• Rules: 7.2
• Subject: Lawyer advertising; Payments by credit cards.
• Summary: Ethics rules do not prohibit discreet mention in lawyer advertisement that credit card payment is accepted.

Ethics Opinion 92-1
• Rules: 8.4, 8.3; 1.6
• Subject: Conflict of interest; Criminal prosecution of and plea agreement with clients.
• Summary: Municipal attorney may prosecute former clients upon disclosure and consent by former clients and mayor.

Ethics Opinion 1991

Ethics Opinion 91-22
• Rules:  1.6, 1.7, 1.9.
• Subject: Conflict of interest; Insurance defense counsel; Subsequent representation.
• Summary: Attorney who formerly represented insureds of a company and who declined to be an expert in bad faith claim aga

Ethics Opinion 91-20
• Rules:  1.5(b); 1.15; 1.16
• Subject:
• Summary:

Ethics Opinion 91-19
• Rules:  1.6
• Subject: Client confidences; Testimony about client's circumstances.
• Summary: Lawyer may be compelled to respond to court inquiry about client's failure to appear.

Ethics Opinion 91-18
• Rules: 7.2
• Subject: Advertisement and solicitation; referral services.
• Summary: Lawyer may only participate in legal referral services that are "not for profit."

Ethics Opinion 91-16
• Rules: 1.2;
• Subject: Contact with represented client.
• Summary: When insured has retained attorney to make under-insurance claim against insurance company, insurance companies

Ethics Opinion 91-15
• Rules:  1.5; 1.8; 5.5, 7.5
• Subject: Limiting malpractice liability; unauthorized practice; division of fees; letterhead.
• Summary: Out of state partnership practicing in state through licensed attorney/employees must consider the rules of profe

Ethics Opinion 91-14
• Rules: 1.6; 5.4
• Subject: Client confidences; division of fees.
• Summary: Paying commission to company for referral of clients for preparation of "living trusts" would violate client confidentiality

Ethics Opinion 1990

Ethics Opinion 90-10
• Rules: 7.5
• Subject: Letterhead; listing unlicensed individuals
• Summary: Listing law school graduate who is not licensed in any state on letterhead as "Not licensed in South Dakota" is d

Ethics Opinion 90-9
• Rules: 1.5
• Subject: Division of fees with "of counsel" lawyer.
• Summary: A lawyer listed as "of counsel" is not a member of the law firm and any division of fees must satisfy the requirement

Ethics Opinion 90-8
• Rules:  1.5, 5.4
• Subject: Division of fees with subsequently disbarred lawyer.
• Summary: Fees may be paid to disbarred lawyer only for proportion of services rendered prior to disbarment.

Ethics Opinion 90-7
• Rules: 7.4
• Subject: Advertising; specialized practice.
• Summary: Lawyer may not advertise as a "specialist," "limited to" or "concentrated in" a certain field of law, but may list "are

Ethics Opinion 90-6
• Rules: 8.2; 8.4
• Subject: Judicial elections; participation in candidate's campaign
• Summary: Lawyer may participate as judicial candidate's campaign manager and solicit financial and public support if lawyer

Ethics Opinion 90-4
• Rules: 1.10, 1.7B, 1.16(a), 8.4(e).
• Subjects: Conflict of interest; Lobbying when partner is member of legislative body.
• Summary: The lawyer/lobbyist is clearly ineligible to represent a client as a lobbyist before the same legislature of which he is

Ethics Opinion 90-3
• Rules: 7.2, 7.2(c)
• Subject: Advertising; Referrals.
• Summary: Attorneys cannot purchase exclusive rights to receive referrals from an "Attorney Hotline" that advertises on television

Ethics Opinion 90-2
• Rule: 1.8(j).
• Subjects: Conflicts of Interest.
• Summary: An attorney who has invested in the publication and marketing of a book may not also represent himself and the o

Ethics Opinion 1989

Ethics Opinion 89-3
• Rules: N/A
• Subject: Non-resident attorney.
• Summary: A South Dakota attorney is not required to ascertain if a non-resident attorney whom he is associated with has co

Ethics Opinion 1988

Ethics Opinion 88-8
• Rules:  1.6(a); 1.9; 1.10
• Subject: Conflicts of interest; Disqualification.
• Summary: An attorney who leaves his law firm and starts a new one, cannot subsequently represent a party who had interest

Ethics Opinion 88-6
• Rules: 6.3.
• Subject: Conflicts of Interest.
• Summary: An attorney who has been appointed to the board of directors of a non-profit, public interest law firm cannot defendant

Ethics Opinion 88-5
• Rules 1.7(a), 1.7(b);
• Subject: Conflicts of Interest.
• Summary: An attorney representing an estate in a fraudulent conveyance of real estate action brought by a creditor may also

Ethics Opinion 88-4
• Rules:  1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 5.4, 7.2(c); D.R. 3-102(a), 3-103(a), 7.101, 5-102, 5-105.
• Subject: Fee Splitting; Conflicts of Interest.
• Summary: An attorney cannot split a fee with a non-lawyer for legal work performed by the lawyer for a mutual client. Such a

Ethics Opinion 88-3
• Rules: 7.3.
• Subject: Solicitation; Advertisement.
• Summary: An attorney may not sponsor a seminar in which he/she is the exclusive program in which he/she gives advice to

Ethics Opinion 88-1
• Rules: D.R. 1-102(A)(3); Cannon, 4, 5, 6, 7; E.C. 7-10, 5-21.
• Subject: Duty to Client.
• Summary: Generally, an attorney owes a duty of disclosure of all facts regarding a client's case to the client. Nondisclosure s

Ethics Opinion 1987

Ethics Opinion 87-3
• Rules: D.R. 5-107(A)(1); E.C. 5-21, 5-22, 5-23
• Subject: Fees.
• Summary: It is permissible for an attorney handling a voluntary termination of parental rights to have his/her fees paid by the

Ethics Opinion 87-2
• Rules: DR 2-104(A)(4); EC 2-2, 2-5
• Subject: Advertising.
• Summary: The authorship for publication in a newspaper of a "legal notes" column for public information is permissible if suc

Ethics Opinion 87-1
• Rules: 1.7; E.C. 17, 18, 19.
• Subject: Conflict of Interest, Representation of administrator and estate.
• Summary: An attorney hired by the administrator of an estate to conduct a probate thereof owes a duty to the administrator a

Ethics Opinion 1986

Ethics Opinion 86-7
• Rules: 1.7, 1.9; D.R. 5-105(A)
• Subject: Conflict of Interest; Subsequent representation of lender.
• Summary: If it is assumed that the initial attorney-client relationship has ceased, there would not appear to be a conflict of in

Ethics Opinion 86-6
• Rules: 1.10;
• Subject: Conflict of Interest; States attorney representation in civil action.
• Summary: The state's attorney who participated personally in the disposition of the criminal charge may not subsequently re

Ethics Opinion 86-4
• Rules: D.R. 7-102(a)(5); (M.R. 3.3); EC 7-12.
• Subject: Confidential communications; Wills; False petition
• Summary: Candor Toward the Tribunal; Production of wills; False statements in petition. (1) It is unethical for an attorney to

Ethics Opinion 86-3
• Rules: 1.7, 1.9, 1.10; D.R. 5-105
• Subject: Conflict of Interest; Legal services offices.
• Summary: Restrictions applicable to private law firm concerning multiple representations are not applicable to a legal service

Ethics Opinion 86-2
• Rules: 1.7, 1.10; D.R. 105(d)
• Subject: Conflict of Interest; Member of school board.
• Summary: The law firm is precluded from representing matters including teachers before the school board while a member o

Ethics Opinion 86-1
• Rules: 1.2; 3.3; 1.6
• Subject: Conflict of Interest; Confidentiality; Reporting of criminal activity.
• Summary: (1) An attorney acting as an agent of an estate under court appointment and who has commenced civil proceeding

Ethics Opinion 1985

Ethics Opinion 85-4
• Rules:
• Subject: Solicitation of clients by another lawyer.
• Summary: Solicitation of a client by another lawyer while the client is in the hospital with representation by the soliciting attorney

Ethics Opinion 85-2
• Rules:
• Subject: Conflict of interest; States attorney related to member of firm
• Summary: A law firm and any or all of its members may defend criminal cases in a county where an attorney's first cousin an

Ethics Opinion 85-1
• Rules: 1.9
• Subject: Conflict of interest; States attorney member of firm
• Summary: Attorney may represent victim in an auto accident after the driver pleads guilty to charges brought by State's Attorney

Ethics Opinion 1980

Ethics Opinion 80-6
• Rules:
• Subject: Lawyer’s responsibility for requested services
• Summary: Lawyer who orders service for client is responsible for payment unless provider is advised in writing in advance